Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine. It was first published anonymously on January 10, 1776, at the beginning of the American Revolution. Common Sense was signed "Written by an Englishman", and it became an immediate success. Having sold almost 100,000 copies in 1776 and in relative proportion to the population of the colonies at that time, it had the largest sale and circulation of any book published in American history. Common Sense presented the American colonists with an argument for freedom from British rule at a time when the question of seeking independence was still undecided. Paine wrote and reasoned in a style that common people understood. Forgoing the philosophical and Latin references used by Enlightenment era writers, he structured Common Sense as if it were a sermon, and relied on Biblical references to make his case to the people. He connected independence with common dissenting Protestant beliefs as a means to present a distinctly American political identity.

アメリカの独立を「理」と「利」の両面から大胆かつ鋭く論じたトーマス・ペイン(1737‐1809)の『コモン・センス』(1776)は、刊行されるや空前のベストセラーとなり、その半年後に発表された「独立宣言」の内容に多大な影響を与えた。歴史を動かしたまれな書物の一つと評価されている思想史の古典。